QUANTIFICATION OF THE RISK OF CERTAIN PARAMETERS FOR CATARACT IN PATIENTS WITH GLAUCOMA

Irina Bogdanova; Dance Gligorova Doneva; Muhamedin Rushiti; Rami Yahya; Ivana Baloska; Elena Shtergiska

Irina Bogdanova University Clinic for Eye Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, North Macedonia
Dance Gligorova Doneva 3General Hospital Strumica- Strumica, Republic of North Macedonia
Muhamedin Rushiti Clinical Hospital Tetovo, Tetovo, North Macedonia
Rami Yahya University Clinic for Eye Diseases, Skopje, North Macedonia
Ivana Baloska University Clinic for Eye Diseases, Skopje, North Macedonia
Elena Shtergiska University Clinic for Eye Diseases, Skopje, North Macedonia

Abstract

Cataract and glaucoma are among the most common ophthalmological diseases that lead to reduced visual acuity in the elderly population. These diseases often coexist, and their interrelationship is the subject of numerous studies. This study aimed to quantify the risk of cataract development in patients with glaucoma, stratified by age, gender, diabetes, prior glaucoma surgery, and corticosteroid use. This research was designed as a cross-sectional study, with a prospective approach, and was conducted in 2025 at the Clinic for Eye Diseases. The study included 415 patients with glaucoma. The mean age was 67.84±10.84 years. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze factors associated with cataract occurrence. Cataract was registered in 192 (46.3%) patients. The results showed that age (OR=1.122; p<0.001) and diabetes (p=0.045) were statistically significant factors associated with the cataract occurrence. Gender, previous glaucoma surgery, and corticosteroid use did not showanystatistically significant relationship. The area under the ROC curve was 0.765 (p<0.001), indicating good discriminative ability of the model. Age and diabetes are significant factors associated with the occurrence of cataracts in patients with glaucoma.

Keywords: Cataract, glaucoma, risk factors, diabetes, logistic regression.

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