NEUROENDOCRINE TUMOR AS A RARE CAUSE OF SMALL BOWEL ILEUS
Abstract
Small bowel neuroendocrine tumors (SBNETs) are slow-growing neoplasms that have a tendency to metastasize and a relatively favorable prognosis. The presentation of Sb-NETs is diverse, although abdominal pain and obstructive symptoms are the most common symptoms. In patients with metastases, hypersecretion of serotonin and other bioactive amines results in carcinoid syndrome. Treatment of these tumors is multimodal and includes surgery, liver-directed therapy, somatostatin analogs, and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy.
Keywords: neuroendokrine tumor, ileus.
References
1. Scott, A. T., & Howe, J. R. (2018). Management of Small Bowel Neuroendocrine Tumors. Journal of Oncology Practice, 14(8): 471–482. doi:10.1200/jop.18.00135.
2. Langhans T: Ueber einen drusenpolyp im ileum. Virchows Arch 38:559-560, 1867.
3. Ransom WB: A case of primary carcinoma of the ileum. Lancet 136:1020-1023, 1890.
4. Nadica Draskacheva, Darko Saljamovski, Violeta Gosic, Gjorgji Trajkovski, Gligor Ristovski, Shqipe Misimi, Andrej Nikolovski, When is surgery indicated in metastatic small intestine neuroendocrine tumor?, Journal of Surgical Case Reports, Volume 2023, Issue 10, October 2023, rjad580, https://doi.org/10.1093/jscr/rjad580.
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7. Boyar Cetinkaya R, Aagnes B, Thiis-Evensen E, Tretli S, Bergestuen DS, Hansen S: Trends in Incidence of Neuroendocrine Neoplasms in Norway: A Report of 16,075 Cases from 1993 through 2010. Neuroendocrinology 2017;104:1–10. [PubMed: 26562558].
8. Blazevic, A., Zandee, W. T., Franssen, G. J. H., Hofland, J., Van Velthuysen, M. F., Hofland, L. J., Feelders, R. A., & de Herder, W. W. (2018). Mesenteric fibrosis and palliative surgery in small intestinal neuroendocrine tumours. Endocrine-Related Cancer, 25(3), 245-254. Retrieved Jul 21, 2024, from https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-17-0282.
9. Xavier S, Rosa B, Cotter J. Small bowel neuroendocrine tumors: from pathophysiology to clinical approach. World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol 2016;7:117–24.
10. B. Niederle, U.-F. Pape, F. Costa, D. Gross, F. Kelestimur, U. Knigge, K. Öberg, M. Pavel, A. Perren, C. Toumpanakis, J. O''Connor, D. O''Toole, E. Krenning, N. Reed, R. Kianmanesh, all other Vienna Consensus Conference participants; ENETS Consensus Guidelines Update for Neuroendocrine Neoplasms of the Jejunum and Ileum. Neuroendocrinology 1 April 2016; 103 (2): 125–138. https://doi.org/10.1159/000443170.
11. Anlauf M, Sipos B, Boeck I, et al. Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the distal jejunum and ileum. Pathologe 2014;35:283e93. quiz 94.
12. Pasquer A, Walter T, Hervieu V, et al. Surgical management of small bowel neuroendocrine tumors: specific requirements and their impact on staging and prognosis. Ann Surg Oncol 2015;22(Suppl 3):S742e9.
13. Niederle MB, Hackl M, Kaserer K, et al. Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours: the current incidence and staging based on the WHO and European Neuroendocrine Tumour Society classification: an analysis based on prospectively collected parameters. Endocr Relat Cancer 2010;17:909–18.
14. [Niederle B, Pape UF, Costa F, et al. ENETS consensus guidelines update for neuroendocrine neoplasms of the jejunum and ileum. Neuroendocrinology 2016;103:125e38.
15. Scott AT, Howe JR. Management of small bowel neuroendocrine tumors. J Oncol Pract 2018;14:471–82.
16. Perren A, Couvelard A, Scoazec JY, et al. ENETS consensus guidelines for the standards of care in neuroendocrine tumors: pathology: diagnosis and prognostic stratification. Neuroendocrinology 2017;105:196–200.
17. Tran CG, Sherman SK, Howe JR. Small bowel neuroendocrine tumors. Curr Probl Surg 2020;57:100823.
18. Howe JR, Cardona K, Fraker DL, et al. The surgical management of small bowel neuroendocrine tumors: consensus guidelines of the North American Neuroendocrine Tumor Society. Pancreas 2017;46: 715–31.
2. Langhans T: Ueber einen drusenpolyp im ileum. Virchows Arch 38:559-560, 1867.
3. Ransom WB: A case of primary carcinoma of the ileum. Lancet 136:1020-1023, 1890.
4. Nadica Draskacheva, Darko Saljamovski, Violeta Gosic, Gjorgji Trajkovski, Gligor Ristovski, Shqipe Misimi, Andrej Nikolovski, When is surgery indicated in metastatic small intestine neuroendocrine tumor?, Journal of Surgical Case Reports, Volume 2023, Issue 10, October 2023, rjad580, https://doi.org/10.1093/jscr/rjad580.
5. Clift, A. K., Kidd, M., Bodei, L., Toumpanakis, C., Baum, R. P., Oberg, K.,Frilling, A. (2019). Neuroendocrine Neoplasms of the Small Bowel and Pancreas. Neuroendocrinology, 110(6), 444–476. doi:10.1159/000503721
6. Lawrence B, Gustafsson BI, Chan A, Svejda B, Kidd M, Modlin IM: The epidemiology of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2011 Mar;40:1– 18, vii. [PubMed: 21349409].
7. Boyar Cetinkaya R, Aagnes B, Thiis-Evensen E, Tretli S, Bergestuen DS, Hansen S: Trends in Incidence of Neuroendocrine Neoplasms in Norway: A Report of 16,075 Cases from 1993 through 2010. Neuroendocrinology 2017;104:1–10. [PubMed: 26562558].
8. Blazevic, A., Zandee, W. T., Franssen, G. J. H., Hofland, J., Van Velthuysen, M. F., Hofland, L. J., Feelders, R. A., & de Herder, W. W. (2018). Mesenteric fibrosis and palliative surgery in small intestinal neuroendocrine tumours. Endocrine-Related Cancer, 25(3), 245-254. Retrieved Jul 21, 2024, from https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-17-0282.
9. Xavier S, Rosa B, Cotter J. Small bowel neuroendocrine tumors: from pathophysiology to clinical approach. World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol 2016;7:117–24.
10. B. Niederle, U.-F. Pape, F. Costa, D. Gross, F. Kelestimur, U. Knigge, K. Öberg, M. Pavel, A. Perren, C. Toumpanakis, J. O''Connor, D. O''Toole, E. Krenning, N. Reed, R. Kianmanesh, all other Vienna Consensus Conference participants; ENETS Consensus Guidelines Update for Neuroendocrine Neoplasms of the Jejunum and Ileum. Neuroendocrinology 1 April 2016; 103 (2): 125–138. https://doi.org/10.1159/000443170.
11. Anlauf M, Sipos B, Boeck I, et al. Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the distal jejunum and ileum. Pathologe 2014;35:283e93. quiz 94.
12. Pasquer A, Walter T, Hervieu V, et al. Surgical management of small bowel neuroendocrine tumors: specific requirements and their impact on staging and prognosis. Ann Surg Oncol 2015;22(Suppl 3):S742e9.
13. Niederle MB, Hackl M, Kaserer K, et al. Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours: the current incidence and staging based on the WHO and European Neuroendocrine Tumour Society classification: an analysis based on prospectively collected parameters. Endocr Relat Cancer 2010;17:909–18.
14. [Niederle B, Pape UF, Costa F, et al. ENETS consensus guidelines update for neuroendocrine neoplasms of the jejunum and ileum. Neuroendocrinology 2016;103:125e38.
15. Scott AT, Howe JR. Management of small bowel neuroendocrine tumors. J Oncol Pract 2018;14:471–82.
16. Perren A, Couvelard A, Scoazec JY, et al. ENETS consensus guidelines for the standards of care in neuroendocrine tumors: pathology: diagnosis and prognostic stratification. Neuroendocrinology 2017;105:196–200.
17. Tran CG, Sherman SK, Howe JR. Small bowel neuroendocrine tumors. Curr Probl Surg 2020;57:100823.
18. Howe JR, Cardona K, Fraker DL, et al. The surgical management of small bowel neuroendocrine tumors: consensus guidelines of the North American Neuroendocrine Tumor Society. Pancreas 2017;46: 715–31.
Published
2025-05-02
How to Cite
SHUMENKOVSKI, Velimir et al.
NEUROENDOCRINE TUMOR AS A RARE CAUSE OF SMALL BOWEL ILEUS.
Journal of Morphological Sciences, [S.l.], v. 8, n. 1, p. 119-122, may 2025.
ISSN 2545-4706.
Available at: <https://www.jms.mk/jms/article/view/vol8n01-14>. Date accessed: 01 oct. 2025.
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